نشریه مطالعات توسعه پایدار شهری و منطقه ای
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 6، زمستان 1400)

Housing is a social, cultural, economic and spatial-physical phenomenon that is established with the aim of providing suitable living conditions. One of the issues that has attracted a lot of attention is sustainable housing in line with human development. The present study aims to provide a conceptual framework for sustainable rural housing in Iran based on the theoretical orientation of scientific articles. For this purpose, the content of 47 scientific articles related to the subject of rural housing development in Iran, which were published in domestic journals and conferences in the period 2007-2017, were reviewed and analyzed using a qualitative research method based on the meta-combination method. Findings, the research shows that the conceptual framework of integrated rural housing development is the most appropriate framework for exploitation in rural housing development planning, which often includes key features emphasized in the reviewed articles. Proposed framework of components of environmental adaptation, energy efficiency, having a sense of vitality, sense of meaning, human unity and realism, appropriateness to the social status of villagers, participation of rural community, financial affordability in construction, housing maintenance costs, job creation in The housing market considers access to services, having a spatial spirit and identity, durability and durability of construction materials in the form of five dimensions of environmental, economic, socio-cultural, psychosocial and physical-spatial.

Lack of attention to the entrance space of the city during the rapid growth of urbanization, these spaces have faced a crisis of anonymity. Achieving a design with understandable quality is a reference to solve these issues. Achieving a sort of design for preservation and continuity of the former identity, relationship of the audience with the identity of the place through visual communication with symbolic elements, creating a pause through visual communication with local symbols and symbolic elements in the entrance design of Kermanshah (from Hamedan) are the aims of research. The method is combined, with an interpretive approach, we tried to ask how people understand and evaluate the identity of the entrance of the city of Kermanshah from Hamedan? To be answered. In this regard, data were collected and analyzed through in-depth interview techniques and field observation and field survey. Sampling was purposeful and the interviews reached theoretical saturation after 30 interviews. In the analysis step, thematic analysis method was used. Finally, the results were classified and interpreted based on thematic analysis and field observations. The results of this study showed that the non-use of environmental elements (human and natural) at the entrance of Kermanshah has caused the city entrance to lack the components of a distinct entrance. The most important environmental elements identified as native signs and symbols of Kermanshah are; Tagh-e-Bostan, Tagh-e-Gara, stone materials and vegetation of the region, which if used in the entrance of the city based on the contextualism approach can identify the entrance and make it have the components of a distinct entrance.

The preparation of strategic-structural plans has started in the 1991s was considered by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, several decades after its beginning in the United Kingdom and the United States. In the middle of the 2012s, the instructions for preparing and compiling strategic-operational plans of the city and municipality were communicated by the Ministry of Interior to the urban affairs offices of the relevant governorates. Aim of this paper is to seek the identify and analysis the stimuli and drivers that affect the effectiveness of programs in their 20-year horizon. The present study is "applied" in terms of purpose and "descriptive-analytical" in terms of method and nature. Documentary and field survey have been used to collect data. The statistical population in this study was 35 cities of Khorasan Razavi province whose programs were received and based on this, 48 ​​consultants and experts in the affiliated municipalities were interviewed to complete the questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed based on the opinion of experts, especially consultants, and its reliability was based on Cronbach's alpha above 0.7. Micmac software was used to analyze the data and analyze the effective components on increasing the effectiveness of strategic-operational plans of the city and municipality. The results obtained with respect to the high score of direct and indirect impact, 45 factors in the 4 main components of key drivers in the plan horizon, showed that factors such as support of the provincial affairs office and monitoring the performance of municipalities in developing and implementing strategic plans with Indirect effect (+8) and indirect effect (+2548), more coordination of city managers and executive bodies in the process of preparing and implementing strategic-operational plans with direct effect (+7) and indirect effect (+1880), changing the attitude of managers, executives and employers towards Strategic planning in the areas of urban development and areas with direct (6+) and indirect (1970+) effects are among the key drivers.

In the city of Ahvaz with its special characteristics in terms of urbanization and economic situation issues endanger the mental and social health and, consequently, the of the happiness citizens, which highlights the need to address the happiness of the citizens in Ahvaz The present study is theoretical-applied and methodologically "descriptive-analytical" in the field of behavioral geography. The tool used in this study is Oxford Happiness Standard Questionnaire. The statistical population includes the citizens of Ahvaz (both men and women) in the age range of 15 years and above, which is equal to 887,280 people. The sample size is 385 persons. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the studied areas in terms of the impact of economic environment factors on the level of happiness of citizens and the impact of economic environment factors on the level of happiness of citizens varies based on different places. In fact, the same levels of variables and economic factors lead to different levels of happiness in different neighborhoods. In fact, the factors of economic environment due to spatial and spatial differences and inequalities lead to inequality in the level of happiness among citizens. The results of structural equation modeling shown the effect of economic environment factors on the level of happiness of citizens in the six neighborhoods is not the same and does not follow a specific pattern. The place variable plays a role as an intermediate variable in this context.

Citizenship and citizen behavior is one of the fundamental variables and factors in the development of social capital and the subsequent development of human societies, which is the importance of finding it in urban studies and addressing it in this study. The aim of this study is to investigate the indicators of citizenship satisfaction and its effect on positive behaviors in region 16 of city of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-survey and correlational approach is adopted to assess the perceived quality in region 16 of the city. four dimensions (facilities and urban infrastructure, basic needs, social environment and environment) and for positive behaviors. Overall satisfaction (4 items), Citizens' attachment (3 items), Intention to leave (2 items) and Positive speech (2 items) were considered on the Likert scale. In the next step, the questionnaire was distributed among the statistical community. For data analysis, after preparing the correlation matrix, the necessary calculations were performed using Amos and through path analysis, and for the proposed Amos model, good fit indices were performed. The results of the perceived quality variable show that there is a significant difference between the studied areas in the average obtained for each item so that area one has a lower average than the other areas. The results obtained from the model test to examine the relationships of variables were as follows: the effect of satisfaction on urban attachment was positive with 0.550. The effect of perceived quality on citizen satisfaction was confirmed as the highest path coefficient among the coefficients. It was confirmed as the highest path coefficient among the coefficients. Also, the positive effect of satisfaction variable on positive speech was 0.536.

The human environment has been exposed to the most unprecedented damage since the twentieth century due to the rapid industrial development around the world. The Aim of this study is to realize urban environmentally friendly behaviors in sports from the perspective of managers and organizers of sport events. In this research, the we tried to design a model for holding environmentally friendly sport events in Iran. In order to collect data, a 4-part researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 40 questions was used. Formal and content validities were confirmed by experts, and reliability was calculated 0.83 out of 1, using Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical sample of the study consisted of managers and organizers of sport events in ten provinces (Tehran, Alborz, Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Khuzestan, Khorasan Razavi, Kurdistan, Lorestan and Kermanshah). After distributing the questionnaires, 254 questionnaires were returned. Research data analysis was performed using AMOS and SPSS-19 software. Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis statistical tests were used to test the hypotheses and bootstrap method was used to test the indirect relationships. The results showed that the three factors of environmental awareness, perception of environmental effects and intention to support green sport events affect the actual environmentally friendly behavior. The results also showed that the variable of intention to support green sport events acts as a mediating variable and a measure of the effect of environmental awareness and perception on the actual environmentally friendly behavior resulting from the intention to support green sporting events. According to the proposed research model, the environmentally friendly behaviors of organizers and managers of sporting events and their intention to support green sporting events are greatly influenced by their awareness and perception of environmental issues. It seems that understanding the basic factors influencing the real and supportive behaviors of people in green sports is necessary to promote environmental behavior.

Creative city is a city where new activities take place and people work together responsibly and creatively and with collective thinking to solve problems and improve living conditions and environmental qualities of the city. The aim of this article is to investigate ways to improve the quality of public spaces in the city of Lar with a creative city approach; also the factors affecting the quality of public spaces in this city have examined. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Theoretical foundations and effective indicators in improving the quality of public spaces in the city have been examined through the review of scientific scholar, and the quality of urban spaces through public opinion survey. The statistical population is residents of 15 years and older in Lar city, sample size achieved using Cochran's formula, which is equal 381 people. The results show that the quality of public spaces in city of Lar is not appropriate according to the indicators of urban creativity in both components of site selection and design component with an average of 2.89, and the quality management and planning component of public spaces with an average of 3.13. Based on the factor analysis, the most important factors affecting the quality of public spaces in Lar are the sense of belonging and appropriateness, beauty and design, vitality and social interaction, access and a sense of vitality and adaptation of spaces. The most effective strategies in improving the quality of public spaces to enforce creativity are to use the spirit of citizen participation to solve the problems of urban spaces and maintain public spaces and improve sports activity, cultural and artistic activities and interaction with university centers.